Top Information Security Threats

Question: Examine about the Top Information Security Threats. Answer: Presentation According to the given situation, the ISIA for example IT Security and Information Assurance branch of Emirates performs different key duties, for example, structuring, arranging and making of made sure about framework. This division ISIA is driven by Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) and other eight security administrators those oversee business coherence, data protection and security and the board of malware and botnets and other basic components. I am filling in as one of the security chiefs in ISIA office. As we realize that Emirates has become biggest carrier in the Middle East and to give best aircraft administrations to its travelers around the world. The security of data everything being equal and representatives of Emirates is additionally a fundamental activity to perform by security directors of ISIA division. The principle concerning point here is that, with the headway in advancements, dangers of data security are likewise expanding. So senior administration is w orried about readiness of Emirates to deal with these dangers. The CISO of ISIA division has solid accept that assessment of security dangers and proactive advances that will be useful to control these security dangers, is required. In this manner, CISO approaches me to survey worldwide episodes for most recent two years and talk about significant five security dangers and approaches to conquer these dangers. For the benefit of this data, Emirates can think about understanding of security penetrates of different associations and significant security dangers or dangers. This data can be utilized as a decent wellspring of information to prepare with respect to data security support (GTN SCS, 2017). Primary Body In most recent two years different security breaks have experienced by business associations that were utilizing data advances for putting away tremendous measure of business data, for example, records of business clients with their own and Mastercard data, representatives data with their pay rates and other fundamental data, and so on. This data is duty of an association to keep up safely into its databases. However, number of instances of data security break, hacking and phishing assaults are usually experienced. In episodes of data security breaks, instances of Kaspersky, Anthem, and Ashley Madison and OPM associations are so well known (Forbes.com, 2017). As a security director, I have inspected these cases altogether and discovered top five dangers that are experienced by these associations. These associations have confronted defenseless data security penetrates with respect to hacking of individual and Visa data of their likely clients, workers data, orders put by clients, thei r stock and other significant business data. As we have talked about over that Emirates is likewise worried about these issues of data security, so assessment about primary dangers of these cases will be a decent wellspring of information for additional arranging. Five Major Information Security Threats Hacking and Phishing Attacks Malware Attacks SQL Injection Attack Absence of Encryption Obsolete Security Software Hacking and Phishing Attacks The danger of hacking and phishing assault has found so regular among previously mentioned occurrences of various business associations. In above episodes, most regular is of hacking and phishing of login certifications, for example, username, passwords, Visa data and individual data of clients and business data of representatives. So it can likewise be a major danger for Emirates that data from its databases can likewise be hacked or taken by programmers (Kuranda, 2017). Malware Attacks Malware assault is likewise a major issue for data security in business associations. For taking data from database or framework, malware secondary passage assault is leading by programmers. Messages are sent to clients with powerless connections of malware. At the point when connections are opened by clients at that point programming content works and malware spread into framework to get to data (Caldwell, 2012). In the event of OPM association that we have referenced above, by utilizing temporary workers login qualifications malware secondary passage assault was directed in the system to get to classified data of organization. OPM couldn't identify explanation behind 343 days. From this, we can see weakness of malware assault (Databreachtoday.in, 2017). SQL Injection Attack SQL infusion assault is for the most part actualized on SQL databases by assailants to take data. It is a code infusion method which is utilized to assault information driven applications. In this assault, evil SQL proclamations are embedded into a passage field for execution. Through SQL infusion assault, aggressors infuse a code into companys database to get to individual and Visa data of clients. It is really a programming content that can pick clients records from databases. In the event that database isn't kept secure by security divisions of business associations, at that point this sort of assault can be effortlessly directed by programmers. In this way, if there should arise an occurrence of Emirates associations, it is obligation of ISIA office to be cautious about these sorts of SQL assaults (Data penetrate movement is deteriorating, 2007). Absence of Encryption Absence of encryption in information stockpiling or moving information over system is a helpless danger for clients. Encryption is a compelling method to scramble information into disjointed structure that is more diligently to figure or comprehend by programmers. On the off chance that designers and security specialists won't be cautious about encryption of databases data at that point odds of hacking will be expanded. If there should arise an occurrence of above organizations, absence of encryption was likewise a significant danger for data security danger. The carriers business comprises of touchy information into its databases. Consequently, encryption of this touchy information is required. Obsolete Security Software Obsolete security programming considers a data security danger in light of the fact that obsolete programming can't keep up security of data for long time that is put away into it. Any vindictive code can be tainted this product effectively and it is hard to recognize that issue in obsolete programming arrangements. Emirates Airlines must be cautious about standard updates of programming arrangements. Something else, above issues can be looked by this organization. These are significant dangers of data security and protection that I have checked on in security episodes that are occurred in most recent two years. Presently in next portion of this report, we will accentuate on ways that can be utilized to conquer these dangers. Approaches to Overcome Threats Following are some fundamental approaches to defeat dangers: Propelled Anti-Virus Solutions Encryption Approved Access of Database Firewall Propelled Anti-Virus Solutions The utilization of cutting edge hostile to infection into framework is imperative to get avoidance from infection assaults. In a business association like Emirates, all frameworks ought to be furnished with hostile to infection. Against infection examines entire framework and database dwells into framework to recognize infection and in the wake of deducting infection, it is additionally evacuated by hostile to infection (Greene, 2017). Encryption Encryption is a kind of cryptography that is utilized to scramble information into indistinguishable structure. To keep data from programmers, a large portion of the organizations send data in encoded structure over system, with the goal that programmers can't comprehend this data or can figure. The data security officials of ISIA office must utilize this method for keep up data security (World Economic Forum, 2017). Approved Access of Database In an association, the entrance of secret data ought not be given to each worker. The director of database ought to approach of server and all PCs in association and he ought to likewise conclude that to whom consent of database access ought to be given. The login qualifications of each client should likewise set by overseer. Whenever approved access strategy won't be actualized into database then every representative will attempt to get to significant data and may a few workers attempt to spill data to programmers (Ravelin, 2017). Firewall Firewall is a product that is in-incorporated with working framework. It is utilized to keep framework from undesirable substances. On the off chance that firewall is in on mode and finds an obscure element, at that point it will give ready message to client to mindful about it. In the wake of getting this data, client attempt to obstruct that element by utilizing blocking programming (Densham, 2015). It is a viable to ward off bugs and helpless things from framework. In this manner by utilizing above ways the CISO of ISIA division can keep up security Emirates Airlines data. The data of aircrafts organizations is delicate and should be kept made sure about and classified. Above examined arrangements will give fitting outcomes if these will be actualized appropriately by security specialists, designers and representatives in an association. End After this entire conversation we can say that in this report significant security dangers are examined that can be looked by Emirates aircrafts, if legitimate security won't be kept up for data. Presently, the security dangers experienced by different business associations are in notice of Emirates Airlines and for the sake of this data, association can make vital arrangements to upgrade level of security. It is matter of dependence of clients on an association in regards to security of their data. Along these lines, business associations must do every single likely exertion to keep this trust. References GTN SCS. (2017). Top 10 Threats to Information Security. [online] Available at: https://scsonline.georgetown.edu/programs/experts innovation the executives/assets/top-dangers to-data innovation [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Forbes.com. (2017). Forbes Welcome. [online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/destinations/quora/2015/12/31/the-best 10-security-breaks of-2015/9/#bd0f3cef78c3 [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Kuranda, S. (20

Annotating Photos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Commenting on Photos - Essay Example The subsequent photo shows a refining zone with cloud discharges. The zone is de-forested and there is no indication of life in the area. This photograph plainly portrays the impacts of utilization on the earth and the individuals since there are no private houses in the area. The third photo shows the shore line which has being lowed with a sub-marine a good ways off. The coastline additionally gives off an impression of being deforested and dead and it is very prominent that the harbor isn't all around created because of contamination in the area. The forward photo was chosen since it unmistakably portrays an entrenched and created petroleum processing plant in the given district. In refining non-sustainable wellsprings of vitality like petroleum products, the treatment facility radiates brown haze which contaminates the earth by framing corrosive downpour. The fifth photo obviously shows exhaust cloud being created from the emanation of the creation of petroleum products for example oil in oil chambers. The exhaust cloud prompts the arrangement of corrosive downpour which prompts expanded temperatures since heat gathers in air accordingly making it thick and serious. The six photos show vehicles gathering crude materials like sand from the coastline. Two other private vehicles are additionally found in the district. Cars devour non-inexhaustible wellsprings of vitality for example oil which contaminates the earth therefore prompting an Earth-wide temperature boost. The seventh photo shows deforested land with ... The eighth photo shows a raised ocean level. Two cars for example a private van and a shipping lorry are busy working. Utilization of petroleum derivatives via vehicles and different types of creation and handling prompts raised degrees of the environmental temperatures makes ocean waters to vanish. The ninth photo shows a deforested seaside zone with stacks of gathered crude materials for example sand from the coastline. This sand is to be carried away for utilization which prompts brought ocean levels thusly driving down to de-forestation which increments air temperatures. The tenth photo delineates a town abiding/a city with sky scrappers, landmarks, ancient rarities, trains and different types of open and private vehicle. These devour petroleum derivatives particularly oil which lead to contamination consequently influencing perceivability in the locale. The eleventh photo shows an assembling processing plant at the foundation with the closer view being left deforested and with no type of life or human dwelling. Utilization of non-inexhaustible wellsprings of vitality lead to discharge of smoke which influences perceivability and prompts arrangement of corrosive downpour. At long last, the last photo shows a creation production line for example steel works. Nature is deforested and there is no type of life or private dwelling in the district. The creation production line radiates smoke which prompts expanded temperatures in this way a dangerous atmospheric devation which influences the earth unfavorably. Taking photos in Alba was not such a simple and wonderful assignment. The picture taker needed to withstand unfriendly warmth, exhaust cloud, poor perceivability and unwelcoming landscapes. The greater part of the land was abandoned in this way the picture taker could look for help or ask any direction. The picture taker understood that the land in Alba was in such a troubling state and the temperatures

How Learned Optimism Can Improve Your Life

How Learned Optimism Can Improve Your Life Happiness Print Using Learned Optimism in Your Life By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 29, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on December 13, 2019 More in Self-Improvement Happiness Meditation Stress Management Spirituality Holistic Health Inspiration Brain Health Technology Relationships View All In This Article Table of Contents Expand Benefits Optimism vs. Pessimism Origins Can You Learn Optimism? The ABCDE Model Criticisms and Pitfalls View All Back To Top Learned optimism involves developing the ability to view the world from a positive point of view. It is often contrasted with learned helplessness. By challenging negative self-talk and replacing pessimistic thoughts with more positive ones, people can learn how to become more optimistic. Illustration by Brianna Gilmartin, Verywell Benefits There are a number of benefits to becoming a more optimistic person. Some of the many advantages of optimism that researchers have discovered include: Better health outcomes: One study found that people who were more optimistic at age 25 were much healthier later between the ages of 45 and 60 than were their more pessimistic counterparts.Longer lifespan: Studies have shown that optimistic people tend to live longer than pessimists.Lower stress levels: Optimists not only experience less stress, but they also cope with it better. They tend to be more resilient and recover from setbacks more quickly Rather than becoming overwhelmed and discouraged by negative events, they focus on making positive changes that will improve their lives.Higher motivation: Becoming more optimistic can also help you maintain motivation when pursuing goals. When trying to lose weight, for example, pessimists might give up because they believe diets never work. Optimists, on the other hand, are more likely to focus on positive changes they can make that will help them reach their goals.Better mental health: Optimists report higher levels of well-being than p essimists. Research also suggests that teaching learned optimism techniques can significantly reduce depression. In one study, children with risk factors for depression were placed in a training program where they were taught skills related to learned optimism. The results of the study revealed that children with the risk factors were much more likely to show symptoms of moderate to severe depression at a two-year follow-up. However, those who had received training in learned optimism and anti-depression skills were half as likely to develop such symptoms of depression. 5 Unbelievable Facts About Optimists Optimism vs. Pessimism Pessimists tend to believe that bad things are simply bound to happen, that they are at fault, and that negative outcomes will be permanent. Optimists, on the other hand, expect that good things will happen to them. They tend to see setbacks as temporary events caused by circumstances. Rather than giving up or feeling helpless in the face of failure, optimists view it as a challenge that can be overcome or fixed. Optimists and pessimists tend to differ in terms of explanatory style, or how they go about explaining the events that take place in their lives. Key differences in these explanatory styles tend to be centered on: Personalization: When things go wrong, optimists tend to lay the blame on external forces or circumstances. Pessimists, on the other hand, are more likely to blame themselves for the unfortunate events in their lives. At the same time, optimists tend to view good events as being a result of their own efforts, while pessimists link good outcomes to external influences.Permanence: Optimists tend to view bad times as temporary. Because of this, they also tend to be better able to bounce back after failures or setbacks. Pessimists are more likely to see negative events as permanent and unchangeable. This is why they are often more likely to give up when things get tough.Pervasiveness: When optimists experience failure in one area, they do not let it influence their beliefs about their abilities in other areas. Pessimists, however, view setbacks as more pervasive. In other words, if they fail at one thing, they believe they will fail at everything. Research has found that pessimists tend to be in the minority. Most people (estimates have ranged between 60 to 80 percent) tend to be optimists to varying degrees. Origins Learned optimism is a concept that emerged out of the relatively young branch of psychology known as positive psychology. Learned optimism was introduced by psychologist Martin Seligman, who is considered the father of the positive psychology movement. According to Seligman, the process of learning to be optimistic is an important way to help people maximize their mental health and live better lives. Seligman himself has suggested that his work initially focused on pessimism. As a clinical psychologist, he tended to look for problems and how to fix them. It wasnt until a friend pointed out that his work was truly about optimism that he truly began to focus on how to take what was good and make it even better. What Is Behind the Psychology of Positive Thinking? Learned Helplessness Seligmans work early in his career was centered on what is known as learned helplessness, which involves giving up when you believe that nothing you do will make any difference. Explanatory styles play a role in this learned helplessness. How people explain the things that happen to them, whether they view them as being caused by outside or internal forces, contributes to whether people experience this helplessness or not. A New Direction in Psychology As a result of this paradigm shift, Seligman wrote a book focused on the psychology of learned optimism. His work helped inspire the rise of positive psychology. Seligman went on to become the president of the American Psychological Association, elected by the largest vote in the APAs history. His theme for the year centered on the subject of positive psychology. Psychology was only half-formed, he believed. Where there was a solid body of research and practice on how to treat mental illness, trauma, and psychological suffering, the other side that focused on how to be happy and how to live a good life, was only in its infancy. He believed that if people could learn how to become optimistic, they could lead to healthier and happier lives. Can You Learn Optimism? While it may be clear that optimism can be beneficial, it then becomes a question of whether or not people can learn to take a more positive perspective. Can even the most pessimistic of people adjust their worldview? Are People Born Optimists, or Is It a Skill That Can Be Learned?   Researchers suggest that in addition to being partially hereditary, optimism levels are also influenced by childhood experiences, including parental warmth and financial stability. Seligmans work, however, suggests that its possible to learn the skills that can help you become a more optimistic person. Anyone can learn these skills, no matter how pessimistic they are, to begin with. Is There an Optimal Time to Develop This Optimism? Seligmans research suggests that it may be beneficial to teach kids optimism skills late enough in childhood so that kids have the metacognitive skills to think about their own thoughts, but prior to the onset of puberty. Teaching such skills during this critical period might be the key to helping kids ward off a number of psychological maladies, including depression. The ABCDE Model Seligman believes that anyone can learn how to become more optimistic. He developed a learned optimism test designed to help people discover how optimistic they are. People who start out more optimistic can further improve their own emotional health, while those who are more pessimistic can benefit by lowering their chances of experiencing symptoms of depression. Seligmans approach to learning optimism is based upon the cognitive-behavioral techniques developed by Aaron Beck and the rational emotive behavioral therapy created by Albert Ellis. Both approaches are focused on identifying the underlying thoughts that influence behaviors and then actively challenging such beliefs. Seligmans approach is known as the ABCDE model of learned optimism: Adversity is the situation that calls for a responseBelief is how we interpret the eventConsequence is the way that we behave, respond, or feelDisputation is the effort we expend to argue or dispute the beliefEnergization is the outcome that emerges from trying to challenge our beliefs To use this model to learn to be more optimistic: Adversity Think about a recent sort of adversity you have faced. It might be something related to your health, your family, your relationships, your job, or any other sort of challenge you might experience. For example, imagine that you recently started a new exercise plan but you are having trouble sticking with it. Belief Make a note of the type of thoughts that are running through your mind when you think about this adversity. Be as honest as you can and do not try to sugarcoat or edit your feelings. In the previous example, you might think things such as Im no good at following my workout plan, Ill never be able to reach my goals, or Maybe Im not strong enough to reach my goals. Consequence Consider what sort of consequences and behaviors emerged from the beliefs you recorded in step 2. Did such beliefs result in positive actions, or did they keep you from reaching your goals? In our example, you might quickly realize that the negative beliefs you expressed made it more difficult to stick with your workout plan. Perhaps you started skipping workouts more or put in less of an effort when you went to the gym. Dispute Dispute your beliefs. Think about your beliefs from step 2 and look for examples that prove those beliefs wrong. Look for any example that challenges your assumptions. For example, you might consider all of the times that you did successfully finish your workout. Or even other times that you have set a goal, worked towards it and finally reached it. Energization Consider how you feel now that you have challenged your beliefs. How did disputing your earlier beliefs make you feel? After thinking of times you have worked hard toward your goal, you may be left feeling more energized and motivated. Now that you have seen that it isnt as hopeless as you previously believed, you may be more inspired to keep working on your goals. Learning Optimism May Take Time Remember, this is an ongoing process that you may need to repeat often. When you find yourself facing a challenge, make an effort to follow these steps. Eventually, you will find it easier to identify pessimistic beliefs and to challenge your negative thoughts. This process may also eventually help you replace your negative thoughts and approach challenges with greater optimism. Criticisms Potential Pitfalls Some critics have argued that some learned optimism training programs are less about teaching people to become more optimistic and more about reducing pessimism. Other researchers believe that explanatory styles may actually have less to do with optimism than previously believed. Other research has also suggested that optimism might also have a negative side. People who are overly and perhaps unrealistically optimistic may be prone to narcissism. Having an optimism bias can also lead people to take healthy risks and engage in risky behaviors because they underestimate their own level of danger. While some research has pointed to potential pitfalls of being overly or unrealistically optimistic, most studies have supported the idea that there is a positive connection between optimism and overall health. Optimism, for example, is a predictor for better physical health as people grow older. A Word From Verywell Perhaps the most encouraging thing about optimism is that it involves skills that can be learned and put into practice. Ultimately, learned optimism is about more than just improving your well-being or warding off psychological ailments such as depression or low self-esteem. Seligman suggests that it can also be a route to finding your purpose in life. Optimism is invaluable for a meaningful life. With a firm belief in a positive future you can throw yourself into the service of that which is larger than you are, he explains.

Declaration of Independence and the Beginning of Womens...

Over two centuries ago, a document was written that announced the independence of the thirteen colonies from Great Britain. That document, The Declaration of Independence, indicated that a new country was born, oppression in the New World would come to an end and new-found individual freedoms for citizens of America would become a reality. Thomas Jefferson ideals expressed in The Declaration of Independence was a stepping stone to the foundation of America. Many of Jefferson’s ideals expressed his concern for equality and liberty. The ideals he expressed in The Declaration of independence such as â€Å"We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal† (392), â€Å"all men have unalienable rights; that among these are life,†¦show more content†¦Rowland notes that 80 percent of the women who had jobs wanted to keep them rather than return to their women’s work. (79) Thereafter, once soldiers started to reemerge into the workfor ce, women’s issues with the government controlling what jobs women can or cannot have started reappearing shortly thereafter. The 21st century would bring a new surge towards equal rights for women. Issues such as abortion and reproductive rights, wage rights and discrimination based on gender, are just a few of the issues women are facing in the 21st century. The National Organization for Women reports women should have access reproductive health and family planning services, including abortion. Abolishing the ability for women to access those health services violates a â€Å"fundamental human right† notes NOW. According to NOW, a severe and continuing shortage of family planning services and contraceptive products leads to an estimated 76 million unplanned pregnancies worldwide, according to the U.N. Population Fund (2005). Not granting these services to women leaves them at a huge risk. 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Marketing Plan For A Company Essay - 1286 Words

Introduction Your company revolves in a product market, which means you offer goods or services and have to compete with your competitors for customers. The good that your company offers, motherboards, are popular in the electronics industry. Based on the reputation that your company’s product is basically flawless, you already charge a higher price than some of your competitors. Part of what comes with higher priced item, is quality of the item and wonderful customer service. Based on the size of your company, you do not pay your employees as much as your large competitor. We suggest you change this, as you have a wonderful team, some of which are unhappy with their current pay. After conducting a benchmarking study, our suggestion to you is minimal base salary increases for some, and a minimal incentive program for others. Your salary will suffer slightly at first; however, included in this is the creation of a marketing plan to focus on obtaining new clients in new fields, which will increase overall profit for the company. For your employees, they will feel that their concerns were addressed and show how much they are valued by you. Let’s begin our proposal with John Inves, as he is essential to the success of your business. While we agree that you can run your company without him, we do not advise this. As part of your business, John is your most valuable employee, as well as your biggest asset. As not part of your business, John would be your biggestShow MoreRelatedMarketing Plan For The Company1489 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Lululemon is a company that has based itself around a value proposition of ethical production, healthy living and quality athletic gear designed to encourage and support an active lifestyle (Lululemon, 2014). 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Martin Luther King Essay Free Essays

Speeches in which this is observed include â€Å"I Have A Dream† by Martin Luther King and â€Å"The Gettysburg Address† by Abraham Lincoln which have been valued and remembered throughout time as being historically influential and valued, as such, as they use the values of their time and audience to inspire, persuade and unite the public with their message. Martin Luther King electrified America with his pivotal speech, dramatically delivered from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington DC in 1963, sharing his dream of a new future for black and white people before more than 200,000 people. King, part of an extensive black movement, challenged the white Americans to extend genuine freedom to his people and drew on all his powers to inspire black Americans to believe in such freedom for themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Martin Luther King Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The key message from the speech was, and is, that all people are created equal and, although not the case in America at the time, King felt it must be the case in the future which is why this text is valued still, even today. Abraham Lincoln, the American president at the time delivered his speech at the Gettysburg Cemetery during the heart of the civil war in 1863. This was to honour and dedicate the new cemetery to the soldiers who had died in the recent Battle of Gettysburg which was pivotal in the American Civil War. The quality of patriotism is seen in Lincoln’s allusion to the Declaration of Independence and constant references to democratic ideals. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Martin Luther Kings’ â€Å"I have a dream†¦. † speech is one of the most memorable speech’s of all time but why? In thi s essay we’ll have a look at why it’s such an effective speech. In the speech, King especially likes to use repetition and metaphors to convey his ideas. These devices are the foundation of King’s unique and effective style. Anaphora and repetition are commonly used in Martin Luther King’s â€Å"I have a dream†¦. † speech because repeating the words and phrases helps to emphasise the pattern and increase the rhetorical effect. â€Å"I have a dream†¦ † is repeated in eight successive sentences, and is one of the most often cited examples of anaphora in modern speeches. Repetition is a good device to use to strengthen an important idea. He uses and repeats the words dream, because it is such a personal and deep commodity. The phrases he adds to the end of this representation are also very personal. This is so effectual because the target audience of this speech can see these visualizations become reality. Even now, over 30 years after his death, reading through the speech gives the reader a sense that things are not complete, and that King still has a dream. If you count the frequency of words used in King’s â€Å"I Have a Dream†, very interesting patterns emerge. The most commonly used noun is freedom, which is used twenty times in the speech. This makes sense, since freedom is one of the primary themes of the speech. A metaphor is a very effective way to illustrate an idea. King uses many metaphors, both large and small, to describe many different ideas. â€Å"In a sense we have come to our nation’s capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. It is obvious†¦ How to cite Martin Luther King Essay, Essay examples

Contemporary ICT and Engineering Issues Bi-Modal IT

Question: Discuss about theContemporary ICT and Engineering Issuesfor Bi-Modal IT. Answer: Bi-Modal IT an Introduction Bi-modal IT is the practice that refers to the management of IT delivery using two modes in an amalgamated manner. The first mode focuses upon stability and is a traditional mode that comprises of sequence of defined steps and ensures safety and accuracy. The second mode focuses upon agility and is non-linear, process based in nature that emphasizes upon agility and speed. Bi-modal IT differs from other IT governance models in terms of agility. The other models do not have this element and are based upon the pre-defined steps and phases which are currently finding it difficult to deal with the continuous changes and risks. Bi-model IT, however, can efficiently respond to the changing nature of digital business by following an ad-hoc approach through its focus on the agility and also delivers the services quickly along with required accuracy. Thus, it fits perfectly in the world of digital business (Gartner IT Glossary 2016). A Case Study of Bi-Modal IT Melbourne IT Enterprise Services is an organization that adapted to the modes defined under bi-modal IT in order to maintain the pace with the digital disruptions. There were a number of instances that allowed Melbourne IT to deliver on time with the aid of bi-modal IT model. One such instance was when the biggest giant in the field of online retailing had to move to a new hosting platform with the introduction of cloud services in the digital world. Melbourne IT was able to deliver the designs and implementation of a new managed cloud platform in a short period of time. The entire project was completed in less than a period of 12 weeks for the online retailer and even lesser for Melbourne IT. Popular Agile Methodologies A few agile methods are discussed below. Adaptive Software Development is based on rapid application development (RAD). Speculation, collaboration and learning cycles are the main aspects of ASD. Speculation is the applied method during the initial phase. Collaboration comprises of extending the initial model to unexplored situations. The faults are examined during the learning phase to understand the mistakes. Agile Unified Process is based on rational unified process (RUP). Inception, elaboration, construction and transition are steps followed in AUP. An initial sketch of the model is structured during inception, which is followed by validating the structure in the elaboration phase. The model is designed in detail during the construction phase and during the transition phase, the model is finally deployed (Ambysoft.com 2016). In Scrum, the product owner specifies a number of tasks. The scrum team followed by the scrum master selects a few tasks based on priority and works on it. The work is reviewed daily, in a process called sprint. Once the product with the selected functionality is developed it is shipped and new tasks are selected to work on after a retrospection of the developed product (Scrumalliance.org 2016). All the agile methodologies are based on the same structure: initial draft, followed by the structure and then implementation. Hence, the different agile methodologies can be mixed. The iterative method is one aspect of agile method that can be easily incorporated into traditional methods. Mixing of other agile methodologies with traditional approaches is also possible. However, the ad hoc nature of agile process contrasts the planned approach of traditional methods (Agilemethodology.org. 2016). Case Study of an Organization The Danish Business Authority or ERST adopted agile methods for its digital transformation. ERST is responsible for regulating policies framed by the Ministry of Business and Growth in Denmark. The corporation took the decision for digital transformation in 2009. The company initially started following the Waterfall model. Requirement gathering took more time than anticipated. Member of the development team were unable to come to consensus. As the waterfall model does not allow proceeding to next stage without the completion of the previous stage, all of the implementation was came to a standstill. Gradually, the project came to a halt and the company took to agile methods, following this standstill. The product was envisioned, keeping the customer in mind. This approach simplified the process of requirement analysis. The project was partitioned into a number of manageable components and the architecture was developed to enable gradual changes. The company outsourced its project components to multiple partners for competitiveness and best products. The project development was greatly simplified and the time involved in the project was greatly reduced (McKinsey Company 2016). Short Notes on Few Terms Outsourcing is the process of transferring work outside the company to reduce production cost, consequently increasing profit. However, outsourcing decreases control over the development of the product takes more time in communication and jeopardizes companys security. In-sourcing is the process of assigning a project inside the company, instead of transferring it outside the company. As the project remains inside the company, its development can be controlled. Moreover the process is handled by employees, who understands the requirements of the company. However the company loses options to choose the best product. Multi-sourcing is the process of using the optimal combination of insourcing from and outsourcing to more than one groups in order to achieve business goals. Multisourcing provide the most efficient methodologies in theory. The division of project into fragments and the handling of fragments by possibly unrelated groups, makes the methodology unviable. Adaptive sourcing is the process by which vendors and customers work on a single project throughout the product lifecycle adapting the product to changing technology needs, which helps in keeping the project with the same developers and increases cost effectiveness. However, keeping the product with the same people reduces its innovative development. Shared service is the provision of sharing the services of a service provider. Sharing services reduces cost but the quality of service received might be degraded. Multiple sourcing approaches can be applied depending on a requirement, which in turn complicates management. More than one sourcing method can be applied depending on requirement, availability of resource and business goals. Case Study on IT Outsourcing Danish Business Authority based in Denmark applied outsourcing in the process of digitization. The company outsourced its software development to four companies instead of one. The company wanted to increase its revenues by endorsing competition between its vendors to obtain the best product at optimum cost. The rationale behind the strategy was to provide the development of succeeding modules to the bidder who understands the project and is willing to put effort in creating the best product. This proposal served as a motivation for producers to overinvest in the development, which increased their understanding of the product and consequently develop products that were easy to expand. Outsourcing can prove cost effective if it is applied, keeping the requirements of the company in perspective. Exploring the options of outsourcing available also serves as a benefactor. To be specific, the business to be outsourced should be considered as commodity that vendors sale. Mobility and Success of Digital Business Increase in the number of mobile devices shifted the focus of digital business to these devices. Mobile devices provide access to business irrespective of location. This accessibility increases the number of visits made to a site. Online payment option increases the sale of the company and more so when the options are available online. Availability of mobile devices broadens the scope of customer service. Companies are putting in efforts to build services and applications that work on devices like mobile phones and tablets. The ability to access a customers personal device(s) enables companies to customize the data or information that is presented to a customer. Customer specific data increases the customer satisfaction and yields better output. Impact of Mobile Application Development Mobile application development provides a number of advantages over traditional method. The traditional method either consisted of manual reports or limited and confined access to resources. Mobility resolves this issue by providing easier, faster and efficient accessibility to business using mobile devices. Mobility demands restructuring of the current enterprise methodologies to include mobility. Web developers are an integral part of business and the developers should be able to adapt themselves with the changing technological need. From a security standpoint, the simplest issue will be a stolen mobile that compromises customers data. Depending on the complexity of the app and the range of affected customers situations vary. New York, Penton media, and many more organizations are trying to include support for mobile devices. Case Study of a Jurisdiction Responding to Digital Disruption Digital disruption is a type of technology disruption in which an organization adopts newer technologies and consequently its competitors are compelled to do the same. This process causes considerable changes in the way business works and new methods are incorporated. Danish Business Authority is entitled with the registration of new companies in Denmark and implementation of policies designed by Ministry of Business and Growth. The organization faced considerable issues during digitization of its functioning. The organization initially adopted the waterfall model to design its product; the progress of the product stalled due to inherent difficulties in waterfall model. The enterprise took to agile methods and introduced changes in its development method. The developed product was cost effective and was developed faster. The government of United Kingdom took similar initiatives (Brown, Fishenden and Thompson 2014). References Agilemethodology.org. (2016). The Agile Movement. [online] Available at: https://agilemethodology.org/ [Accessed 26 Oct. 2016]. Ambysoft.com. (2016). The Agile Unified Process (AUP) Home Page. [online] Available at: https://www.ambysoft.com/unifiedprocess/agileUP.html [Accessed 26 Oct. 2016]. Brown, A., Fishenden, J. and Thompson, M., 2014.Digitizing Government: Understanding and Implementing New Digital Business Models. Springer. Gartner IT Glossary. (2016). What is Bimodal IT? See Gartner's IT Glossary For The Answer. [online] Available at: https://www.gartner.com/it-glossary/bimodal/ [Accessed 26 Oct. 2016]. McKinsey Company. (2016). From waterfall to agile: How a public agency launched new digital services. [online] Available at: https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/digital-mckinsey/our-insights/from-waterfall-to-agile-how-a-public-agency-launched-new-digital-services [Accessed 26 Oct. 2016]. Scrumalliance.org. (2016). What is Scrum? An Agile Framework for Completing Complex Projects - Scrum Alliance. [online] Available at: https://www.scrumalliance.org/why-scrum [Accessed 26 Oct. 2016].